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In drawings there are three basic elements of composition:  the frame (the edge of the pictorial space)  the positive the negative space The positive space is easiest to understand because we see it. Generally, it is the space occupied by your subject.  Conversely, negative space is the space that is not your subject and people often simply forget about.  Simply put,  Negative space  is the  space  that surrounds an object within an image.  It is just as important as that object itself -- air is important for most every living organisms, isn't it? N egative space  helps to define the boundaries of  positive space  and brings balance to a composition. The negative space is defined by the edges of the positive space and the frame or border (the third element).  Thus, part of our negative space is bound by the frame and another part is bounded by the positive space.  S...

The Materials VINE CHARCOAL Vine charcoal is a piece of charred willow. It comes in different softness/hardness varieties. Soft vine charcoal will produce dark gray value, Medium will be lighter, Hard produces the lightest value range. It moves very easily on paper. Its easy to manipulate, almost like clay. It's easy to blend with and remove with a kneaded or plastic eraser. COMPRESSED CHARCOAL Compressed charcoal is much darker.  There is a bit of oil in it, and thus the values you can produce will get much darker than vine.  The blackness you can produce is very rick and dark. Compressed charcoal also comes in pencil form. Compressed charcoal works best for fine details and for when you want to produce a rich shadow. Sighting & Measurement in Still Life Drawings Make use of a pencil, chop stick or other straight hand held tool that you can use to lay against the still life forms you see. This will help you see angles more accurately. ...

Drawing # 1 in a series of 3 High Contrast Drawings i. Making use of found images from magazines, on the web, etc.,  you will make use of one of these for the base of your High Contrast drawing. The minimum edge on any side needs to by 7" or larger. ii. You may "scale" up on the copier machine if necessary. iii. On the found image, fill in the general value shapes to produce only a black and white image, as you see above. You may have to imagine where some of the open areas of white or black may be to define the form of your object clearer. iii.  Placing the found image on top of your drawing paper, use a hard pencil to fill in the general shapes of the image.  Press hard enough to emboss the paper underneath it. Alternatively, you may make soft pencil marks on the back of the image, so that when pressing down on it, the mark will transfer onto your drawing paper.  iv.  Fill in positive form with black marker, ink, crayon, even cut from blac...

Drawing by Marina Fridman We can depict what we see most effectively by simplifying our observations. Simplifying values  produces a much more cohesive, believable drawing than recording every value and minute detail that you see. Artists realized this hundreds of years ago and created a system of simplifying and organizing values called... The Value Scale Artists use a system of nine (or more) values ranging from white to black, called a value scale. The scale consists of four light values (values 1 to 4”), a middle value (also called a half-tone), and four dark values (values 6 to 9”). A value scale is essentially a simplified gradation. Further Links: https://www.thedrawingsource.com/value-drawing.html Project #2  Dynamic Value Ranges There is a difference between how we see values in our experience and how an artist or designer may wish to depict those values.  The lightest object in our world hum...